Politics of Gallifrey

Please Note that there is no right or wrong here, everything can be contradicted

Law Making
High Council - Proposes new laws or amendments and day to day running
Council - Vote Yes or No on new law or amendment
Inner Council - President decides to invoke law or disagree with the decision of the council.Unless both the Castallan and Chancellor disagree with the Presidents decision then it occurs

Council of the Time Lords
Members:
 All Time Lords who have past the acedemy and have entered a chapter (Prydonian, Patrex or Arcalean +  minor chapters)
How to Enter:
You have to be a Time Lord, Chancellery Guards, standard Gallifreyans or the Shobbogons are not part of the council.
Powers:  -Vote yes or no on bills proposed by the High Council.

High Council of the Time Lords
Members: -President
                    -Chancellor
                    -Castallan
                    -Inquisitor
                    -Gold Usher
                    -Keeper of the Matrix
                    -Surgeon General
                    -Cardinal of the Prydonian Chapter
                    -Cardinal of the Patrex Chapter
                    -Cardinal of the Arcalean Chapter
How to Enter: See Below
Powers: -Discuss new laws or change of laws for the Council to vote on
              -Contest an existing President, causing a General Election, if the President allows
              -Can decide to immediately execute a Time Lord in extreme circumstances
              -Give Time Lords new regeneration cycles

Inner High Council of the Time Lords
Members: -President
                   -Chancellor
                   -Castallan
How to Enter: See Below
Powers: 

President
Term: -Until the President wishes to retire
          -President can be disposed by the Council in extreme circumstances
          -President can accept a contest by another member of the High Council if it occurs and can be                       replaced if lost
How Elected: -Appointed by former President.
                       -If the President dies, removed from office or fails a contest the Chancellor can either appoint                         a President (that can not be them) or can call an election.
                       -When away with the Chancellor, a Vice President and Vice Chancellor is chosen by the                             President who remains in charge until the President and the Chancellor return
Who can become: Any Time Lord
Powers: -All High Council privileges
              -Can bloke decisions made by the council, if both the Chancellor and the Castallan do not oppose
              -Appoints the Chancellor, Castallan, Inquisitor, Gold Usher, Keeper of the Matrix and the Surgeon               General
              -Can dispose any member of the High Council in extreme circumstances and expected backing
              -Can overturn laws briefly in extreme circumstances, if both the Chancellor and the Castallan do                   not oppose
             -Can accept or not accept a contest by another member of the High Council
             -Has access to the Matrix

Chancellor
Term: -Until the Chancellor decides to resign
          -President can dispose the Chancellor in extreme circumstances
How Elected: -Chosen by the President
Who can become: -Any Time Lord
Powers: - All High Council privileges
              - When the President is absent the Chancellor acts as President
              - When the President dies and does not name a successor the Chancellor either can appoint a                         President (that is not him) or call an election
             - Holds the Great Key of Rassilon
             - If both he and the Castallan both disagree with the President's decision to overturn a vote of the                   Council it can not be overturned
             -If both he and the Castallan both disagree with the President's decision to briefly overturn laws                     then it can not happen

Castallan
Term: -Until he decides to resign
           -President can dispose the Castallan in extreme circumstances
How Elected: -Chosen by the President
Who can become: -Any Time Lord
Powers: -All High Council Privileges
              -Appoints the Commander of the Chancellery Guard
              -In charge of internal security
              -If he and the Chancellor both disagree with the President's decision to overturn a vote of the                         Council it can not be overturned
               -If both he and the Castallan both disagree with the President's decision to briefly overturn laws                     then it can not happen

Inquisitor
Term: -Until he decides to resign
           -President can dispose the Inquisitor in extreme circumstances
How Elected: -Chosen by the President
Who can become: -Any Time Lord
Powers: -All High Council Privileges
              -Can fine, exile, remove a regeneration or execute Time Lords if found guilty by a jury of Time                        Lords

Gold Usher
Term: -Until he decides to resign
           -President can dispose the Gold Usher in extreme circumstances
How Elected: -Chosen by the President
Who can become: -Any Time Lord
Powers: -All High Council privileges
             -Show an incoming President the matrix
             -Make sure the incoming President is the right one who has been elected or appointed and                              investigates and chairs contests .
             -Holds all belongs of Rassilon bar the Great Key

Keeper of the Matrix
Term: -Until he decides to resign
           -President can dispose the Gold Usher in extreme circumstances
How Elected: -Chosen by the President
Who can become: -Any Time Lord
Powers: - All High Council privileges
               - Has access to all keys to the Matrix and maintains it

Surgeon General
Term: - Until he decides to resign
            -President can dispose the Surgeon General in extreme circumstances
How Elected: -Chosen by the President
Who can become: -Any Time Lord
Powers: - All High Council privileges
              - In charge of healthcare for the Time Lords

Cardinals of the Chapters Prydonian, Patrex and Arcalean
Term: -Until he decises to resign
            -President can dispose the Cardinals in extreme circumstances
How Elected: - Voted in by their respective chapters. The other three chapters were too small for a                                   Cardinal
Who can become: Time Lords in the Prydonian, Patrex or Arcalean chapters could become cardinals for                                  their respective chapters. Time Lords in the other three chapters, Cerulan, Dromeian,                                    Scendeles are too small to have a cardinal sit in the High Council
Powers: -All High Council privileges

Other Positions in Time Lord Society:

Co-Ordinator of the CIA
Term: - Until he decides to resign
           - Can be arrested and tried according to Gallifreyan law however are lawful to break certain laws to                an extent.
How Elected: - Chosen by other members of the CIA
Who can become: -Any Time Lord part of the CIA or is not on the High Council
Powers: - Interfere and monitor other planets
              - Investigate internal affairs

Commander of the Chancellery Guard
Term: -Until he decides to resign
           -Can be diposed by the Castallan in extreme circumstances
How Elected: - Chosen by the Castallan
Who can become: - Any member of the Chancellery Guard
Powers: - Chief of security of the Citadel in a non-political role